Energy-Flow Cosmology (EFC) – Complete Validation Ledger

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What is Energy-Flow Cosmology? A 60-second version.

The standard picture of the universe says 95% of it is made of two invisible ingredients — dark matter (the glue that holds galaxies together) and dark energy (the pressure that makes space expand faster and faster). Neither has ever been detected in a laboratory. The 5% we can actually measure (stars, gas, us) is the only part nobody argues about.

EFC proposes a simpler idea: gravity adjusts itself where disorder (entropy) is still building up, and behaves like ordinary Einstein gravity everywhere else. One mechanism, two numbers. No invisible particles required.

But the deepest difference is ontological, not parametric. ΛCDM treats spacetime as a fixed stage and dark matter/dark energy as things that populate it. EFC treats energy and entropy as primary — spacetime, the effective gravitational response, and even time itself (as an index over irreversible Grid transitions, Axiom 0) emerge from energy flowing along entropy gradients. "Dark matter" in this picture is not a particle we haven't found yet — it's a symptom of measuring cross-regime phenomena with tools calibrated for the wrong regime (Regime-Consistent Measurement Principle). Same observations. Fewer primitives. Pitch for the full side-by-side.

The test: Can this one rule reproduce what we see — spinning galaxies, the cosmic microwave background, the accelerating expansion, galaxy cluster collisions — without those two invisible ingredients? Across 114 active probes (136 total, 22 in pipeline) so far, EFC has survived 104. Ten probes have been falsified — demonstrating that the framework is genuinely testable. It does not yet outperform the standard model — the margins are too small to call a winner — and the decisive experiments are pre-registered in the Roadmap.

What EFC does NOT claim: that it is proven correct, that standard cosmology is wrong, or that dark matter is “disproven.” It only claims: here is a simpler alternative that current data cannot rule out, with explicit kill criteria the next generation of surveys will test.

Status: Candidate theory under test. Non-rejectable. Not proven. Not falsified. Global verdict remains OPEN. The technical stage banner below and the 136-test ledger further down are the machine-readable version of this paragraph.

🔵 Stage: Non-rejectable model. EFC cannot be rejected on current data and shows consistent Δχ² ≤ 0 across independent probes from the v6 six-probe kill-test (31964847, EFC-VAL-2026-006). Global verdict remains OPEN. This is a survival verdict — not a claim that EFC is correct, and not a claim that EFC outperforms ΛCDM; the |Δχ²| < 1 margin is sub-statistical.

Consistent (robust): rotation curves (DDO 154, ΔAIC = 35.4 in probe-2; ΔAIC = +125.2 under single-component Kill-Test v6 universality on 171/175 SPARC galaxies, 60.2% EFC win rate, Mann-Whitney FLOW vs LATENT p ≈ 0 — cherry-picking objection refuted, 31986762, EFC-VAL-2026-008); CMB lensing μ–Σ / AL anomaly (Δχ² = −0.45, reproduced across MGCAMB direct-eval and two Alens runs); Δχ² stability across 4/4 cobaya minimize runs; (K0, m²) parameter convergence inside sweet-spot windows (K0,min = 1.552, m²min = 0.00318).   🟡 Consistent (preliminary / limited sample): multi-component SPARC refit (5 of 175 so far; single-component 175-galaxy universality completed 2026-04-11, see Kill-Test v6 Universality); Bullet Cluster (tied, not decisive); global cosmology Planck + BAO + Pantheon+ (Δχ² = −0.30, sub-statistical).   ⚪ Neutral by construction: CMB primary (αS → 0 at z > 1100 — not a test).   🔴 Discrepant: none.   UNDER REVIEW (not ticked): “better than ΛCDM”, “no dark matter / dark energy proven”, “full cosmological validation” — all require full MCMC with ≥ 16 GB RAM, full multi-component 175-galaxy SPARC universality with fixed (K0, m²), and an independent slip run.

Executive Summary: EFC now contains a discrete gravity sector with explicit UV–IR regime structure and Λ-locked screening. All validation entries are partitioned into background, perturbation, and discrete operator sectors. Each observable is mapped to the specific regime (L0–L3) and physical sector it can constrain, ensuring that early-universe, late-time, and strong-field tests are not conflated. All results are governed by a global parameter registry and status hierarchy, so that empirical likelihood tests, consistency checks, phenomenological probes, and structural constraints are clearly distinguished. v3.4 update: The GRAV→(μ,Σ) structural gap identified in v3.3 is now closed by the EFC Relativistic Action derivation (31876324). A single variational action — coupling entropy-flow scalar field φ to gravity via F(φ)R with density-dependent kinetic stiffness K(ρ) and a Lagrange-multiplier flow constraint — produces μ < 1 (entropy-stiffness mechanism), Σ > 1 (flow-anisotropy mechanism), and η ≠ 1, consistent with the survival valley (μ ≈ 0.94, Σ ≈ 1.05, η ≈ 1.10). cT = c exactly (GW170817 satisfied). Falsification condition F7 (η = 1) is formally passed. Six action-level falsification conditions (FA1–FA6) supersede the phenomenological F7 for the perturbation sector. v3.5 update: A complementary covariant EFT construction (31878334) establishes five structural results for the minimally coupled entropy-scalar class: (i) cgw = c exactly (theorem); (ii) η ≈ 1 with O(Φ·μ) suppression; (iii) solar-system constraints satisfied by exponential amplitude suppression; (iv) ghost-free, tachyon-free, hyperbolic; (v) the RAR is formally identical to a Bose–Einstein occupation number. A critical negative result identifies a microphysical gap: the classical field equation produces a correction increasing with acceleration, whereas the observed RAR requires a decreasing correction. v3.6 update: The microphysical gap is now bridged by a minimal gradient-coupled excitation model (31878760). Three assumptions — bosonic statistics, gradient-coupled excitation energy E ∝ √g, and a single scale a0 — reproduce the Bose–Einstein RAR μ(g) = 1/(exp(√(g/a0)) − 1) with no free parameters. A lattice derivation shows the √g scaling is a structural consequence of harmonic restoring forces in a gravitational gradient (keff = g/lg). This identifies a resolution pathway for KT3 (β = 0.29 → 0.50). v3.7 update: The three-track research programme is now complete. Track 1 (31940469) validates the EFC screening model against 174 SPARC galaxies (k = 0.415 ± 0.029, g† = 2.51×10−10, cross-scale C = k/aG = 4.4). Track 2 (EFC-C, 31940505) applies the entropy-gradient postulate to cortical networks with three testable predictions. Track 3 (31940535) demonstrates that RLHF is algebraically isomorphic to Helmholtz free-energy minimisation. Connectome analysis (31940370) provides the empirical anchor: local degree heterogeneity determines functional variability (r ≈ −0.97). Cross-domain bridge equations (31940547) unify all three tracks via a single gradient-flow dynamics dF/dt = −∫|∇⋅|² dV + B. Homo Fluxus v2.0 (31940604) synthesises the full programme into a civilisation-level map (Grid→EF→S→D→C), empirically anchored by the connectome result. The Gradient-Coupled Grid Action (31941465) derives E ∝ √g from a minimal three-term Lagrangian with operator uniqueness (only C5 = |∇Φ| survives), completing the microphysical derivation chain Sgrid → E-L → WKB → E ∝ √g → BE → μ(g). The Regime Transition Test (31941543) provides the first numerical confirmation that μ < 1 (linear cosmological) and μ > 1 (non-linear galactic) emerge as two limits of the same action via the stiffness response R ∝ k−4, with 49.6% parameter-space viability and Δχ² = −0.03 vs ΛCDM on BOSS DR12 fσ8. The Void ISW Sign-Flip prediction (31942677) shows that density-dependent μ(ρ) produces a Rees–Sciama term δ·dμ/dt opposing the standard ISW cold spot in voids; for deep voids (δ ≲ −0.8) the net signal flips sign (cold → hot), testable via depth-binned void–CMB stacking. A working note on the cosmic dipole anomaly (31942731) identifies regime-dependent isotropy as the structural ingredient: any residual entropy gradient ∇S imprints a preferred direction in structure growth via Geff(S), requiring only ~2% entropy variation across the observable volume. A working note on the cosmic entropy budget (31942734) shows the observed SMBH-dominated entropy inventory (~10104 kB) is structurally consistent with EFC’s S-field: SMBHs at S = Smax (grid collapse boundary), CMB at thermal Smax, and AGN activity decline driving the S(z) sigmoid transition at z ~ 1 (thermostat conjecture). Four predictions (P1–P4) and four open gaps (G1–G4). The density-of-states derivation (31942800) completes the Γ(ρ) bridge: Deff(ρ) ∝ √(ρ/ρcrit) from a boundary-mode mechanism on the Higgs-stabilised lattice, yielding Γ(ρ) = Γ0√(ρ/ρcrit)/(1 + √(ρ/ρcrit)) with ρcrit = a0/(GNlg). Scenario B+: microphysically derived, ~20% agreement with phenomenological ansatz in the relevant range. The companion derivation (31942821) provides the first explicit derivation of Γ(ρ) from BE occupation + von Neumann entropy S[n] = (1+n)ln(1+n) − n ln n, yielding Γ ∝ ρ3/2/(ρ + ρcrit) (Scenario B). The key identity ds/dn = x confirms the marginal entropy per mode equals the dimensionless energy. The double-counting concern (μBE vs Γ) is resolved: μ is static occupation, Γ is the dynamical entropy production rate. v3.8 update: The consolidation paper “ΛCDM as a Special Case of Energy-Flow Cosmology” (31943361) demonstrates that ΛCDM arises as the special-case limit of EFC in the L0/L1 regime. The reduction is structural: when K(ρ) → ∞, T(a) → 0, and ξ ≫ 1, all EFC modifications vanish identically and the relativistic action reduces to Einstein–Hilbert plus cosmological constant (μ, Σ, η → 1 ⇒ Friedmann + Poisson, Eq. 6). DESI DR2 multi-probe analysis confirms this empirically: α = −0.14 ± 0.21 (0.65σ from null), ΔAIC = +1.59 (ΛCDM preferred in background). The gas-law analogy is made precise: ΛCDM : EFC :: Ideal Gas Law : Statistical Mechanics. Beyond L0/L1, EFC predicts a perturbation survival valley (μ ≈ 0.94, Σ ≈ 1.05), SPARC rotation curves from k = 0.415 without dark matter, void ISW sign-flip for δ ≲ −0.8, and a regime transition μ < 1 ↔ μ > 1 from a single action. Five historical falsifications and six standing falsification conditions (F1–F6, FA1–FA6) documented. This paper consolidates 14 months of development (204 publications, 100 registered tests) into a single reference. v3.9 update: The EFC Lensing Validation Update (31951992, EFC-VAL-2026-002) closes the P3 pre-registered lensing test against DES Year 6. The DES Y6 3×2pt analysis (140M source galaxies) gives S8DES Y6 = 0.789 ± 0.012; combined with the 2026 CMB lensing baseline S8CMB = 0.836 ± 0.012 (Qu et al. 2026), the observed lensing-to-CMB ratio is 0.944 ± 0.018. EFC’s pre-registered prediction (31188193, deposited prior to DES Y6 release on 2026-01-21) was 0.95 ± 0.03, derived from η = 1 and SPARC k = 0.415. Agreement: 0.3σ, well inside the pass window [0.90, 1.00]. P3 lensing consistency: PASS. This is the first cross-scale link from galactic SPARC fits to cosmic shear via a single screening parameter, with no fine-tuning to DES. Caveats stated explicitly: 1D test only (full C still needed), signature not unique to EFC, KiDS Legacy bifurcation unresolved (Euclid DR1 Oct 2026 will arbitrate), η = 1 not directly tested, k inherits SPARC systematics (P2 still untested). v3.10 update: The WP4 cross-survey transfer test (31954125) closes a complementary necessary condition: EFC parameters (zL1L2 = 1.01, αL2 = 0.045) calibrated on DESI DR2 are applied frozen to BOSS DR12 BAO and reduce χ² from 20.83 to 13.06 (Δχ² = −7.77, keff = 0). Three covariance diagnostics confirm the gain is real: 71% sits in strongly-penalised low-λ eigenmodes (the opposite of a flexible model exploiting slack), the dominant whitened component is w5 (Δχ² = −11.39), and EFC outperforms ΛCDM at every ρ in the C(ρ) = (1−ρ)diag(C) + ρC robustness sweep. Best-fit αL2 ≈ 0.036–0.045 stable across BOSS, BOSS+eBOSS, and DESI DR2. Post-hoc validation only (not pre-registered, not a discovery claim) but a strict test of cross-survey parameter invariance — a necessary condition for physical structure. Together with P3 (predictive accuracy, pre-registered) and WP4 (cross-survey generalisation, post-hoc), EFC now satisfies two complementary necessary conditions. v4.0 update (2026-04-17): The EFC Perturbation Sector paper (32037990) derives the complete (μ, Σ, η) perturbation system from the relativistic action and reformulates the KC4 prediction structure. Four structural results. (i) Horndeski no-go (hedged): a 135,000-point numerical scan of standard quasi-static Horndeski with αT=0 finds no solution with μ<1 and Σ>1 simultaneously — the constraint Σ ≤ μ holds universally in the scanned parametrisation, so the EFC perturbation signature is strongly disfavored within standard QS Horndeski (not proven impossible in all parametrisations). EFC’s λ-multiplier constraint term generates anisotropic stress T(λ)μν unique to this action and unavailable in standard scalar-tensor theories. (ii) Channel separation: following DESI DR2, the background coupling α collapsed from −1.00±0.46 (2.2σ, 31332730) to −0.14±0.21 (0.68σ) — the background channel is weak. The perturbation-sector μ < 1 mechanism survives as a structurally robust prediction (100% of parameter space under ±20% Monte Carlo variation; N=5000). Σ ≥ 1 is semi-robust (61%); η at a specific numerical value (1.10) is fragile (0%). This reattributes the growth-suppression signal from background to perturbation channel — the sealed fσ8(z=0.7) = 0.430 prediction (32013156) is channel-independent and remains intact. (iii) Distinctive lensing crossover: the k-integrated effective lensing coupling Σeff(z) is non-monotonic, with sign change at z ≈ 0.44 (+2.6% at z=0.10 to −1.5% at z=1.21 at the percent level). The physical origin is competition between V'-driven λ-dynamics (dominant at low z) and Ricci-sourced backreaction (dominant at high z). This non-monotonic tomographic signature is distinctive within the current MG model class and directly testable by Euclid DR1 tomographic cosmic shear (October 2026). (iv) Negative MCMC (Variant H): joint fit to BAO (DESI DR2) + fσ8 (7 points, BOSS DR12 covariance) + H(z) + Pantheon yields S̄0 = 0.210 ± 0.141 (1.49σ), ΔAIC = +4.05, ΔBIC = +3.94 — ΛCDM preferred; current data do not require the entropy-gradient growth extension. Consistent with signal below current sensitivity, not falsification. Prediction hierarchy reorganised. The Stage-IV kill criteria are now ordered by observational robustness: (1) fσ8-suppression (robust observable); (2) μ < 1 (structural); (3) Σeff(z) sign change at z ≈ 0.44 (distinctive test); (4) Σ ≥ 1 (semi-robust); (5) Horndeski-disfavored combination μ < 1 ∧ Σ > 1. Point predictions at specific η values are no longer central. Survival conditions. Ghost/tachyon analysis passes in sub-horizon regime (full ADM Hamiltonian analysis for super-horizon modes remains open, see 31876324). New falsification condition FA-new: a monotonic Σeff(z) across 0.2 < z < 1.4 at >3σ falsifies the crossover prediction. Test counts updated from 118 to 119 (one test added from this paper’s Variant H Monte Carlo; per the paragraph above, Variant H is recorded as a sub-statistical null and is not a falsification — n_falsified per pipeline remains at 8). v4.1 update (2026-04-22): Three RCMP-track papers tighten the perturbation-sector test protocol. (a) RCMP DES Y6 + KiDS Legacy pre-registered protocol (32080083) specifies the regime-consistent measurement procedure for current-generation weak-lensing surveys, locking scale cuts, regime windows, and joint covariance treatment. ✅ Box ticked: KC3 / S8 test protocol formalised for DES Y6 + KiDS Legacy. (b) Methodological convergence in Stage-IV cosmology via RCMP (32080080) establishes the framework for combining DES Y6, KiDS, Euclid DR1 in a single RCMP-compliant chain. (c) Parameter-controlled regime transitions in EFC (32080059) demonstrates pre-registered cross-sector consistency between lensing and background observables. v4.2 update (2026-04-23): The Structural Closure of Growth-Sector Couplings paper (32084670) proves the (Sflow, Slatent, ξ) coupling system has unique solutions under EBE constraints. ✅ Box ticked: fσ8(z=0.7) = 0.430 and S8 = 0.847 are now theorems, not free parameters. All three coupling classes (multiplicative Geff, additive local friction, additive non-local memory friction) are either structurally excluded by the data or absorbed by the Ωm-coupling degeneracy once geometry is fixed by BAO+H(z); EG with Σ=1 adds no information beyond fσ8. No post-hoc tuning escape route remains for the growth-sector signal. v4.3 update (2026-04-26): Two papers tighten α and replace a falsified L3 prediction. (a) Non-MCMC constraints on the EFC α-parameter (32101213) gives analytic-marginalisation results: Δχ²DESI = −22.01, Δχ²BOSS = −7.77, α = −1.00 ± 0.46 at 2.20σ from fσ8. ✅ Box ticked: α over-determined to α ∈ [−0.72, −0.68] across three independent channels (SPARC RC, NUTS BAO+H(z), analytic non-MCMC). Both blind freezes (−0.689 and −0.702) remain consistent. (b) Falsified Bar-Instability Criterion (32101111) shows EFC-BIC v0.1 fails as a bar predictor (AUC 0.22–0.31, anti-correlated with bar truth) but Πmin robustly tracks disk structural state (ρ[Πmin, log Σ] ≈ −0.71; ρ[Πmin, fgas] ≈ +0.65 on SPARC; replicated on xGASS). ❌ Original prediction falsified;independent disk-state parameter discovered. Atlas role for bar_instability_L3 updated to sole_addresser_falsifies_ELN — EFC remains the only of 42 atlas frameworks with an explicit bar-onset criterion (now Πmin-as-disk-state-proxy rather than Πmin-as-bar-predictor). v4.4 update (2026-04-28): The Three-Window Decomposition of Cosmological Redshift paper (32113399) reframes the Hubble tension as a regime-mismatch artefact. ✅ Box ticked: Atlas role for H0_tension upgraded from addresses_open to proposes_resolution. Planck (L0 background), DESI BAO (L1 transition), and SH0ES (L2 perturbation) measure H0 in distinct regime windows; the three observed values (~67.5, ~69.5, ~73.5 km/s/Mpc) are individually consistent with EFC. Falsifier: a single common H0 fitting all three regime probes within ±0.5 km/s/Mpc would falsify the regime-mismatch hypothesis. v4.5 update (2026-04-28): The Interim Audit Corrigendum to VAL-005 (32114530, EFC-VAL-2026-006) replaces stub data with DOI-traced real data and patched priors. ✅ Box ticked: Latest validation-ledger audit baseline locked. Under real data and patched pipeline the DESI DR1 non-MCMC signal vanishes and Variant H delivers a genuine null with ΔAIC ≈ +3.9 favouring ΛCDM on parsimony; EFC remains underdetermined by current background-only probes. The G2 growth-likelihood question is flagged open. Test counts updated from 119 to 135 across 5 categories (48 physics_test, 21 consistency_check, 16 phenomenological, 28 framework_constraint, 22 planned_pipeline); the bar-instability original prediction (falsified per v4.3, recast as disk-state parameter discovery) is pending propagation to the Symbiose-generated underlay ledger — n_falsified per pipeline remains at 8 until that propagation lands. v4.6 update (2026-05-04): The Composite-Level Aggregation paper (32162706) decomposes the global ΔAIC of the Kill-Test v6 SPARC 175 sample (31986762) into inner (r < rc) and outer (r ≥ rc) contributions and reports a 17.5% sign-flip rate (30/171 galaxies at rc = 3 kpc, robust over rc ∈ {2, 3, 4, 5} kpc) where the global statistic and the outer-only statistic disagree in sign. Re-weighting the same Kill-Test pipeline replaces the v3.17 headline 60.2% EFC win rate with a weight-conditional band: standard 1/σ2 = 66.7% (114/171), uniform = 86.5% (148/171), capped median = 64.3% (110/171). ✅ Box ticked: composite-level aggregation gap closed for SPARC 175 (17.5% sign-flip diagnostic + rc-robust); the v3.17 single-number 60.2% claim is now a lower bound under the χ2-default convention. The v2 retraction of the “standard χ2 is anti-EFC” narrative is recorded in the paper §6.2; per-regime ΔAICinner/ΔAICouter reporting is the new RCMP-compliant default for rotation-curve model selection. New v4-development question opened (LATENT outer-collapse in bulge-dominated spheroids); routed to Gap Analysis, not the Validation Ledger row. EFC-VAL-2026-009 binds the DOI to the SPARC-175 / Kill-Test v6 / EBE / RCMP entries; Atlas tier for rotation_curves_SPARC unchanged but robustness band widened from a single 60.2% point estimate to [64.3%, 86.5%] depending on weighting convention.

This ledger documents the empirical, methodological, and theoretical validation status of Energy-Flow Cosmology (EFC) across observational regimes. It explicitly distinguishes between early-universe linear physics (L0–L1), late-time non-linear structure formation (L2–L3), and the discrete gravity operator sector (Graph-Based AQUAL).

Each entry links to citable public artifacts where available. Planned tests are listed with defined methodologies to ensure transparency and falsifiability.


0.0 Regime Coordinates (ξ, η)

All validation tests in this ledger are classified by their position in the EFC regime space, defined by two dimensionless coordinates:

ξ ≡ |∇Φ| / a0  —  Gradient regime coordinate. Measures the local gravitational acceleration relative to the MOND scale a0. ξ > 1 corresponds to Newtonian (UV) regime; ξ < 1 corresponds to deep-MOND (IR) regime.

η ≡ μΛ Φ / |∇2Φ|  —  Screening regime coordinate. Measures the ratio of Λ-locked bulk screening to the local Laplacian source. η > 1 indicates screening-dominated (Newtonian recovery); η < 1 indicates IR-gradient-dominated (MOND-like emergence).

Governance Rule: All test entries are tagged with their (ξ, η)-regime to prevent cross-regime conflation. Tests in the Newtonian regime (ξ ≫ 1, η ≫ 1) constrain screening fidelity. Tests in the IR regime (ξ < 1, η < 1) constrain the discrete gravity operator. Intermediate regimes (ξ ~ 1) constrain the transition structure.


0.1 Status Classification Key (Validation Maturity Levels)

Each entry in the Validation Ledger is assigned a status label describing what level of scientific validation has been achieved. These labels are hierarchical and prevent phenomenological consistency from being mistaken for full theoretical validation.

Status Meaning Requirements
🔵 Stage: Non-rejectable model Overall epistemic status. EFC cannot be rejected on current data and shows consistent Δχ² ≤ 0 across independent probes. NOT a claim of correctness or superiority; a survival verdict only. Global verdict remains OPEN. Multi-probe kill-test with Δχ² ≤ 0 across independent runs; zero 🔴 Discrepant probes; falsification conditions stated
✅ Consistent with data (robust) Probe yields Δχ² ≤ 0 or decisive ΔAIC in EFC direction, reproduced across independent runs or datasets. Does NOT mean "EFC is correct" — only that data does not reject it. Δχ² ≤ 0 and either decisive (ΔAIC > 10) or reproduced across ≥ 2 independent runs/engines
🟡 Consistent with data (preliminary / limited sample) Probe yields Δχ² ≤ 0 but sample is small, result is not decisive (|Δχ²| < 1), or test is not independent of calibration. Consistency is real but under-powered. Δχ² ≤ 0 but sub-statistical or limited-sample; documented limitations
🟢 Completed (Data Likelihood Test) Full quantitative comparison between EFC and ΛCDM using an established likelihood or statistical framework. This is a direct empirical test. Real data; reproducible pipeline; documented parameters; Δχ² or Bayes factor
🟢 Completed (Consistency Check) EFC predicts little or no deviation in the tested regime, and current data show no contradiction. EFC survives but does not gain positive support. Near-null prediction by construction; observations within GR-consistent range
🟢 Completed (Structural Constraint) Theoretical or geometric argument rules out certain operator classes or coupling types. Reduces model space but is not a likelihood comparison. No parameter fitting; uses symmetry or configuration arguments
🟡 Phenomenological Temporary parameterization motivated by EFC tested against data, but coupling not yet derived from field-level framework. Provides empirical insight but does not count as canonical validation. No action-level derivation; explicitly labeled provisional
🟡 Framework-Level Diagnostic Internal or cross-regime consistency evaluation of framework structure rather than direct observable comparison. Evaluates model architecture, not empirical fit. Assesses coherence, parameter economy, or regime compatibility
🔵 Planned (Pipeline Ready) Test with fully specified methodology and data source, awaiting execution. Actionable validation step. Observable defined; dataset identified; statistical method known
🔵 Conceptual / Method Defined Theoretical test formulated but requires new derivation, simulation, or pipeline development. Part of roadmap, not yet validation test. Physical principle identified; observable link described
🔴 Discrepant EFC predictions conflict with observations beyond statistical tolerance. Falsification point unless resolved by theoretical revision. Quantitative comparison performed; disagreement exceeds uncertainty
⚪ Inactive / Not Dominant EFC sector does not meaningfully contribute in this regime due to suppression or gating. Not failure, not success—regime not sensitive to tested coupling.

Governance Rule: No result may be labeled "Completed (Data Likelihood Test)" unless all active parameters were declared in the Global Parameter Registry, no probe-specific re-tuning occurred, and frozen parameters remained fixed across datasets.

Validation Tier Classification

Each completed entry is additionally assigned a Validation Tier (T1–T4) indicating the depth of empirical confrontation. This prevents internal structural results from being visually conflated with full data-vs-model tests.

Tier Meaning Typical evidence
T1 – Joint-likelihood Full multi-probe joint likelihood comparison between EFC and ΛCDM with frozen parameters across all channels. Δχ² or Bayes factor across ≥ 2 independent probes
T2 – Single-probe likelihood Quantitative comparison with real observational data using a single probe or dataset. Direct empirical test, but not multi-channel. Δχ² or goodness-of-fit on one dataset
T3 – Structural / analytical Analytical proof, structural constraint, or self-consistent prediction. Reduces model space or establishes theoretical bounds but does not constitute direct data confrontation. Sign lemma, symmetry argument, analytical bound
T4 – Framework diagnostic Internal consistency evaluation, meta-model comparison, or cross-regime coherence check. Evaluates framework architecture, not empirical fit. Coherence metric, parameter economy, regime compatibility

Note: Validation Tiers are shown as badges in the Status column of the main table (e.g., T1). Planned tests and entries awaiting execution are not assigned a tier.


0.2 Global Parameter Registry (Frozen-Parameter Governance)

This section defines the complete set of physical and phenomenological control parameters used across the EFC validation program. Its purpose is to prevent hidden tuning, enforce cross-regime consistency, and document where each parameter is allowed to enter. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, all parameters are globally shared across probes and cannot be re-tuned per dataset.

Background-Coupling Parameters

Parameter Symbol Role Regime Status
Late-time background coupling amplitude β Controls strength of EFC vacuum/background modification via H²(a) L1–L2 Frozen after four-channel fit
Regime transition function T(a) Smooth activation function controlling when background coupling turns on L0–L2 Form fixed; transition scale globally shared
Transition redshift zt Characteristic redshift where T(a) activates L1–L2 Shared across all late-time probes

Growth-Sector Parameters

Parameter Symbol Role Regime Status
Integrated regime transition strength ΔF Measures cumulative deviation from GR growth across regimes L1–L2 Physically bounded via Θ(ρ)
Effective gravitational modification μ(k,z) Perturbation-sector modification (only in Case B or structural diagnostics) L1–L2 Inactive in baseline EFC-D; only Case B

Density-Saturation Mechanism

Parameter Symbol Role Regime Status
Density saturation function Θ(ρ) Suppresses EFC effects in high-density environments L2–L3 (screening) Form fixed; scale shared across all systems
Critical density scale ρcrit Density where Θ(ρ) transitions toward suppression L2–L3 Global constant

Lensing Phenomenology (Temporary Closures)

Parameter Symbol Role Status
Lensing amplitude modifier Σ(k,z) Phenomenological shear amplitude boost (Case A only) Temporary closure; not field-derived
Phenomenological lensing coupling αL2 Controls Σ² amplitude Not a field-derived parameter; Case A only

⚠️ Restriction: Σ(k,z) and αL2 are not part of canonical EFC. They are placeholders until a Θ(ρ)-derived metric coupling is implemented.

Discrete Gravity Sector (Graph-AQUAL Operator)

Parameter Symbol Role Regime Status
Gradient regime coordinate ξ |∇Φ| / a0; classifies UV (ξ > 1) vs IR (ξ < 1) regime All (L0–L3) Dimensionless coordinate; not fitted
Screening regime coordinate η μΛ Φ / |∇2Φ|; classifies screening dominance All (L0–L3) Dimensionless coordinate; not fitted
Λ-locked screening scale μΛ IR screening mass derived from cosmological constant; Λ treated as bulk capacity, not free parameter L2–L3 Fixed by Λ; not independently tunable
Graph operator prefactor C Structural renormalization constant from graph discretisation (C ≈ 2.32) L2–L3 Structural; emerges from discretisation
Mass scaling exponent β IR mass-scaling exponent under Λ-locked screening (β ≈ 0.18) L2–L3 Λ-locked; not independently fitted

Parameters Explicitly NOT Allowed to Vary

Any use of these would constitute model extension, not validation of baseline EFC.


0.3 Regime × Observable × Sector Matrix

This matrix shows which physical regime, which observable, and which parameter sector each validation test constrains. It prevents cross-regime leakage and makes it explicit where EFC is active, suppressed, or structurally tested.

Sector Key: BG = Background expansion (β, T(a)) · GRW = Growth/perturbation (ΔF, μ) · LEN = Lensing/metric response · SCR = Density saturation/screening Θ(ρ) · PROP = Propagation sector · DGS = Discrete Gravity Sector (Graph-AQUAL, ξ/η regime)

Observable / Test L0 L1 L2 L3 Active Sector(s)
CMB TT power spectrumBG (suppressed)
CMB TE/EE + lensingBG, GRW (suppressed)
BBN expansion rateBG (hard bound)
BAO isotropicBG
BAO anisotropic (DA vs H)BG
SN Ia distancesBG
RSD growth fσ₈(z)BG → GRW response
Full-shape P(k)GRW
Weak lensing (Case A)LEN (phenomenological)
Weak lensing (Case B)GRW + LEN
EG statistic (lensing×RSD)BG + LEN
ISW cross-correlationBG → GRW (growth response only; no direct potential coupling)
Lyα high-z null testBG (suppressed)
Galaxy rotation curves (SPARC)GRW + SCR
Cluster lensing geometryLEN + SCR
Cluster abundance N(M,z)GRW
Cluster entropy–structureSCR
Solar System PPNSCR
Binary pulsarsSCR
Standard sirens (GW vs EM)PROP
Perturbation-Sector Localization (v3.3)
CMB systematic localizationBG + GRW + LEN
μ–Σ valleyGRW + LEN
Lensing barrierLEN
B0 fσ8 bridge testGRW
Discrete Gravity Sector (Graph-Based Operator)
Newton recovery (KT1)DGS (ξ ≫ 1)
Prefactor renormalization (KT2)DGS (ξ ~ 1)
Mass scaling / Λ-lock (KT3)DGS (ξ < 1, η < 1)
Superposition breaking (KT4)DGS (ξ ~ 1)
External field effect (KT5)DGS (ξ ~ 1)
Cosmological growth stability (CGS)DGS + BG (Λ-locked)

Legend: ✅ = Primary sensitivity · ⚪ = Suppressed / secondary / consistency role · — = Not relevant in this regime

This matrix prevents the most common cosmology mistake: Using a probe to constrain a sector that is physically suppressed in that regime.


1. Validation Status Summary (Regime-Aware)

Phenomenon Primary dataset(s) EFC-S EFC-D EFC-C ΛCDM Regime interpretation Status Evidence
Late-time background coupling architecture (β·T(a)) BAO (BOSS), RSD (BOSS), CMB lensing, SN Ia Single-parameter background modification tested across four independent cosmological probes (BAO, RSD, SN Ia, CMB lensing). Poisson-sector coupling disfavoured by RSD; background channel produces consistent growth suppression via expansion history. v3.3 update: Systematic CMB localization (31368433) confirms background gate is observationally empty: α collapses to ≈0 under Planck+BAO joint fit (all combinations |Δχ²| < 2σ), with perfect α–H0 degeneracy (corr = 0.975). CMB is blind to α; BAO breaks the degeneracy. T1 Completed (multi-channel consistency) 31304980
Solar System / PPN / EP Cassini / LLR / perihelion Density Saturation mechanism with source-smoothed effective density yields screening sufficient to pass Cassini, LLR, perihelion, and WEP bounds. Linearized field analysis shows PPN parameter γ = 1 at leading order, with residual deviations bounded far below current experimental sensitivity. Complementary result from Covariant EFT (31878334): exponential amplitude suppression A(r) ~ exp(−r/λS) provides an independent screening path for the minimally coupled scalar class. Full strong equivalence principle proof remains a target for action-level derivation. T3 Quantitative compatibility supported (screened regime) 31244827 ● Cassini/Shapiro ● LLR bounds
Galaxy rotation curves SPARC175 / MaNGA MOND-like regime emerges in IR gradient-dominated sector (ξ < 1, η < 1). Regime-dependent validity via EBE partition. T2 Completed (Data Likelihood Test) 31047703, 31007248, 31045126, 31224538
WP4 — Cross-survey BAO transfer (DESI DR2 → BOSS, no refit) BOSS DR12 (Alam+ 2017), eBOSS (Alam+ 2021), DESI DR2 (calibration) Δχ² = −7.77 with keff = 0. EFC parameters zL1L2 = 1.01, αL2 = 0.045 calibrated on DESI DR2, frozen and applied to BOSS DR12 BAO without retuning: χ²EFC = 13.06 vs χ²ΛCDM = 20.83. Three covariance diagnostics confirm the gain is real: (i) Cholesky whitening dominated by w5 (Δχ² = −11.39), (ii) eigenmode partition 71% in strongly-penalised low-λ modes, (iii) robustness sweep ρ = 0 → 1 — EFC wins at every level. Best-fit αL2 ≈ 0.036–0.045 stable across BOSS, BOSS+eBOSS, DESI DR2. Caveats: post-hoc, not pre-registered (unlike P3), not a discovery claim, does not rule out ΛCDM. T2 Cross-survey transfer (Δχ² = −7.77, keff = 0) 31954125
P3 — Lensing-to-CMB S8 ratio (DES Y6, pre-registered) DES Y6 3×2pt + Planck/ACT/SPT CMB lensing 2026 PASS — pre-registered. Observed ratio 0.944 ± 0.018 (S8DES Y6=0.789±0.012, S8CMB 2026=0.836±0.012, Qu et al. SNR=61) vs EFC prediction 0.95 ± 0.03 derived from η = 1 (A3) and SPARC k = 0.415. Agreement: 0.3σ. Pass window [0.90, 1.00] and prediction deposited prior to DES Y6 release (31188193, January 2026; data: arXiv:2601.14559, 2026-01-21). First cross-scale validation linking SPARC galactic screening to cosmic shear via a single parameter (no DES fine-tuning). Caveats: 1D test only — full C/tomography pending; signature not unique to EFC; KiDS Legacy bifurcation unresolved (Euclid DR1 Oct 2026); η = 1 not directly tested here. T2 PASS (pre-registered, 0.3σ) 31951992, 31188193
Weak-lensing shear (phenomenological Case A) KiDS-1000 Flinc Case A (lensing amplitude Σ²): Phenomenological test with PEFC = PΛCDM × Σ(k,z)². Best-fit αL2 = 0.10 yields Δ(−2 ln L) = −50.9 vs ΛCDM. Improvement localized to low-z (3.2× stronger than high-z), consistent with late-time activation. Critical finding: EFC (Case A) prefers lower S₈ = 0.685 vs 0.739, increasing Planck tension (3.6σ vs 2.3σ). Case A is phenomenological lensing boost, not S₈ tension solution. Case B (consistent MG with μ in growth equations) required for tension resolution test. T2 Completed (phenomenological; Case A only) 31271917, 31188193
CMB lensing + gravitational slip Planck lensing / EG / RSD×lensing L0–L1 metric consistency: Φ vs Ψ potentials must satisfy derived slip relation η(k,z). Tests metric–structure coupling beyond shear-only constraints. T2 Prediction frozen (hi_class Boltzmann) Pipeline: pipelines/efc/euclid_dr1/
Euclid DR1 Boltzmann pre-registration hi_class 3.0 + efc_logistic gravity model SHA-256 sealed prediction (2026-04-12). Custom efc_logistic gravity model in hi_class implements EFC logistic entropy field S(a) with analytical δM2. Benchmark: B0=0.02, M0=0.06. Predictions: σ8 +1.21%, P(kc,z=0.5) +2.09%, Cφφ(ℓ=66) −6.01%, EG(ℓ=66) −3.98%, CTT(ℓ=30) +1.88%. Allowed range: M0∈[0.01,0.10], B0∈[0,0.03]. Stability: M0≥3B0; Planck ISW: M0<0.1. Coherent signature: σ8↑ P(k)↑ lensing↓ ISW↑ EG↓. Opposite to ν-mass. 36-point parameter scan completed. Hash: dbc73797… T3 SEALED (Boltzmann-calibrated, awaiting Euclid DR1 Oct 2026) 31990053
Early galaxies (JWST) COSMOS-Web z > 6–10 ⚠️ EFC consistent with observed abundance in high-entropy regime; ΛCDM shows tension under standard assumptions (SF, dust, IMF interpretation-dependent) T2 Completed (interpretation-dependent) 31059964
BAO transfer test (DESI → BOSS/eBOSS; no refit) BOSS / eBOSS (transfer consistency check) Out-of-sample transfer: late-time growth/geometry sector must remain consistent when carried across surveys without parameter re-tuning. Later confirmed by explicit four-channel background-coupling consistency test. T2 Completed (transfer consistency) 31231522, 31304980
BAO + RSD joint fit (phenomenological αL2) BOSS DR12 consensus Superseded by four-channel architecture test showing consistent single-parameter background coupling (β = 0.08) across BAO, RSD, SN Ia, and CMB lensing. T2 Completed (phenomenological test) 31243828, 31304980
MVP-G1 Growth: fσ8 Leave-One-Out robustness (N2a) 8 extended (7 pts, z=0.02–0.85) + BAO(14) T7 Leave-One-Out robustness (fσ8, N2a-mode: rd=147.09, σ8~N(0.81,0.02)): 7/7 LOO runs pass (|α|/σ ≥ 1.7 AND ΔAIC ≤ 0). α-estimate extremely stable: α = −1.00 ± 0.46 (2.20σ), LOO-range [−1.11, −0.88], spread only 0.23. No single fσ8 measurement drives the hint; lowest significance at z=0.02 drop (1.84σ), highest at z=0.15 drop (2.42σ). Correlations stable across LOO: corr(α,Ωm) ≈ +0.59, corr(α,σ8) ≈ −0.26. Full MVP-G1 control suite passed: N1 rd-independence, N2 σ8-prior strengthening, T7 LOO robustness (7/7). Conclusion: Robust, distributed ~2σ preference for α<0 in EFC growth channel; signal is structural, not artefactual. T2 Completed (robust hint; ~2σ) 31332730
Regime transition metric (ΔF) DESI + Fugaku-class N-body + SPARC Growth-sector constraint: Integrated transition strength across L0–L1–L2 regimes. Measures effective gravitational enhancement rather than a background density parameter. Now physically bounded by Density Saturation Θ(ρ) in high-density regimes. T3 Completed (Consistency Check) 31144030
Regime response surface R(k,S,ρ) DES Y6 regime structure (multi-probe L2) Framework linking μ(a) and μ(k,z) through structural state S; defines global falsification conditions across L2 probes. Extended to R(k,S,ρ) with explicit density axis enabling dwarf–cluster discrimination. Framework defined – quantitative tests pending 31211437
Cluster merger geometry Cluster lensing & mass–gas offsets Strong-field L2 geometric constraint; disfavours local coupling classes and imposes structural requirements on admissible operators T3 Completed (structural exclusion test) 31173850
Cluster shock-front lensing asymmetry JWST κ maps + Chandra kT, ne (Bullet, Abell 2146) L2 geometric symmetry test. Pre-registered directional residual estimator (Asig) measures whether lensing convergence residuals show shock-locked asymmetry after density-based mass model subtraction. Discriminates isotropic metric theories from entropy- or structure-coupled anisotropic lensing responses. Pre-registered – data analysis pending Methodology locked (2026)
Cluster core entropy–structure coupling ACCEPT / TNG-Cluster Pre-registered rank correlation test between entropy profile slope (α) and core thermodynamics (K₀, tcool). Under matched Cavagnolo et al. (2009) definitions, TNG-Cluster shows strong negative correlation (ρ ≈ −0.4 to −0.6), opposite to positive correlation in ACCEPT observations. Mass-controlled partial correlations confirm sign flip. Diagnostic mismatch points to deficiencies in simulated ICM thermodynamic regulation. T4 Completed (diagnostic mismatch) 31286368
Cluster abundance / mass function N(M,z) eROSITA / SPT / Planck SZ L2–L3 integrated growth test: Mass function evolution N(M,z) discriminates between EFC and ΛCDM structure formation. Tests whether geometry consistency extends to actual halo abundance. Planned – methodology defined Method defined
CMB power spectrum Planck 2018 (TT) ΛCDM preferred in L0; EFC dynamically suppressed. EFC terms expected to vanish at recombination (Θ(ρ→0)); explicit Boltzmann-level validation pending. GR recovery expected (Boltzmann validation pending) 31095466
ISW cross-correlation Planck × DESI DR1 tracers L1 linear perturbations: Under fully self-consistent growth-channel implementation (ODE-based D(a), no potential μ′ term), EFC predicts a uniform late-time ISW amplitude suppression AISW ≈ 0.89 ± 0.03 across tracer bins. No strong tomographic gradient survives internal consistency audit. Definitive discriminator: Measured AISW must deviate from unity by ≈10% in a tracer-independent manner. A statistically significant detection of AISW ≈ 1.0 ± 0.02 would disfavor the background-driven EFC channel. T3 Completed (self-consistent prediction; awaiting observational confrontation) 31301953, 31329082
High-z null regime consistency DESI Lyα P1D (z ≈ 3) Same coupling T(z) predicts near-zero modification at high redshift; data consistent with null detection, as required by the same transition function T(z) used in the four-channel background test. T2 Completed (null-prediction consistency check) 31304995
EFCLASS Sign Structure: background channel σ8 exclusion CLASS v3.3.4 (analytical + numerical) Sign Lemma: ΔE²(z) = A[g(z) − g(0)] ≤ 0 for all z > 0 under E(0)=1 normalisation. Numerical verification < 0.3% agreement at 9 redshift points. Growth enhancement +0.5% to +0.76% in fσ8 at BOSS DR12 redshifts. Implication: Background-level EFC cannot suppress σ8; perturbation-level μ(a) < 1 required. 77 lines of C code across background.h, background.c, input.c. T3 Completed (structural proof) 31333414
Perturbation-Level σ8 Suppression via μ(a) < 1: WP1a reference model BOSS DR12 RSD (3 pts, full covariance) Universal factor-2: Δσ8(n=2)/Δσ8(n=6) = 2.00 ± 0.01. WP1a reference model: A=0, B=0.187, n=2, zt=1.01; μ0=0.85, σ8=0.773, S8=0.790. S8 gap closed: 73%. Planck status: ~1.5σ from μ0=1. Structural ceiling: Scale-free μ(a) closes at most ~43% within Planck 1σ. T3 Completed (structural constraint) 31333600
CMB systematic localization Planck 2018 TT/TE/EE + BAO (BOSS/eBOSS) Systematic localization of EFC effects across CMB+BAO parameter space. Background gate formally empty: α collapses to ≈0 under all Planck+BAO combinations (|Δχ²| < 2σ). Perfect α–H0 degeneracy (corr = 0.975) confirms CMB blindness to α; BAO breaks it. Stronger than four-channel consistency: observationally demonstrates background sector is empty, not merely consistent. T2 Completed (CMB systematic localization) 31368433
Perturbation-sector μ–Σ valley Planck 2018 + BAO + fσ8 (grid scan) Narrow survival zone mapped: μ ∈ [0.93, 0.96], Σ ∈ [1.03, 1.07]. Best-fit at (μ = 0.94, Σ = 1.05) with Δχ² = −0.45 (free cosmological parameters). Gravitational slip η ≠ 1 is structurally necessary. Implies EFC perturbation sector must produce both growth suppression (μ < 1) and lensing enhancement (Σ > 1) simultaneously. T3 Completed (structural constraint) 31368433
Lensing barrier: pure μ < 1 excluded Planck CMB lensing (Cφφ) Pure μ < 1 with Σ = 1 is excluded by CMB lensing: Δχ² = +19 at μ = 0.93. Lensing power requires Σ > 1 to compensate growth suppression from μ < 1. This is a hard structural barrier: any EFC perturbation-sector model must modify both Poisson and lensing potentials. T3 Completed (structural constraint) 31368433
AL degeneracy diagnostic Planck 2018 CMB (TT/TE/EE + lensing) Σ > 1 reproduces the AL > 1 anomaly identically (cosine similarity = 0.93 between C residuals). CMB alone cannot distinguish physical metric modification (Σ > 1) from phenomenological AL > 1. External probes (fσ8, galaxy lensing) required to break degeneracy. T3 Completed (diagnostic) 31368433
B0 fσ8 bridge test — sign constraint μ < 1 8 compilation (7 pts, z = 0.38–0.85) 8 independently confirms μ < 1 sign: Δχ² = −5.22 (> 2σ) improvement via F3 tanh filter at k ≈ 0.05–0.1 h/Mpc. μ > 1 ruled out with Δχ² > +400. Original GRAV-sector screening scale (kΛ = 0.0014 h/Mpc) gives Δχ² = −0.01 (no effect), confirming the modification must operate at much larger k than the discrete gravity sector provides. This is a CMB-independent sign constraint that breaks the AL degeneracy: μ < 1 is required by growth data regardless of lensing interpretation. T2 Completed (sign constraint) 31368433
GRAV→(μ,Σ) structural gap — CLOSED EFC Relativistic Action (variational derivation) Gap closed by EFC Relativistic Action (31876324). Single variational action produces: μ < 1 via entropy-stiffness mechanism (K(ρ) divergence opposes collapse), η > 1 via flow-anisotropy mechanism (Lagrange multiplier generates tensorial stress absent in standard scalar-tensor theories), Σ > 1 via slip compensation. Typical values: μ ≈ 0.94, Σ ≈ 1.05, η ≈ 1.10 — within the survival valley. cT = c exactly (GW170817 passed). Automatic GR screening via K(ρ) → ∞. Six action-level falsification conditions (FA1–FA6) supersede phenomenological F7. T3 Completed (structural gap closed) 31876324
Structural coherence across regimes (SCE evaluation) KiDS, BAO, RSD, Lyα, CMB lensing Framework-level diagnostic (not empirical observable): EFC shows higher layer consistency and lower model plasticity; ΛCDM retains higher compression T4 Completed (meta-model evaluation) 31305550
BAO covariance-aware consistency test BOSS DR12 consensus (6×6 cov) + cosmic chronometers Fixed-parameter transfer test using official Cobaya likelihood with full covariance matrix. Δχ² = −2.4 (BAO) + −0.6 (CC) = −3.0 total. No validated geometric channel penalises EFC relative to ΛCDM. T2 Completed (consistency test) 31314922
H₀ tension SH0ES / JWST Local–global inference separation; EFC survives but does not resolve the tension T2 Completed (Consistency Check) 31026151
Dark-energy evolution w(z) DESI DR2 (BAO) ⚠️ Geometric BAO-only phenomenology; full dynamical multi-probe test pending T2 BAO phenomenology completed 31127380
Small-scale structure Rubin LSST / Euclid Non-linear discriminators Planned Metric spec pending
Linear & quasi-linear matter power spectrum shape P(k,z) BOSS full-shape, eBOSS QSO, DESI full-shape Tests scale-dependent growth and turnover structure under background-driven growth suppression. Shape consistency required if Poisson sector remains GR while H(a) is modified. Planned – full-shape likelihood implementation required Method defined
CMB polarization & lensing internal consistency (TE/EE/φφ) Planck 2018 TE/EE + CMB lensing Linear-regime metric and potential evolution constraint. Confirms that regime suppression fully removes EFC effects during recombination and linear post-recombination evolution. Planned – Boltzmann-level test required Method defined
Multi-epoch RSD growth trajectory 6dF, SDSS MGS, BOSS, eBOSS, DESI ELG Tests redshift continuity of growth suppression across L1→L2 transition. β·T(a) must produce a smooth, monotonic deviation pattern with no retuning. Planned – cross-survey joint trajectory fit Method defined
EG gravitational slip consistency (lensing × RSD) DESI + KiDS/DES lensing Direct observable linking geometry and growth. With Poisson sector fixed (μ=1), EFC predicts specific redshift-dependent EG evolution driven solely by expansion history. Planned – cross-probe estimator implementation Method defined
BAO anisotropic split (DA vs H(z)) BOSS, eBOSS, DESI BAO anisotropic fits Separately constrains transverse and radial expansion. Background coupling must shift DA and H consistently; forbids geometry retuning. Planned – anisotropic likelihood test Method defined
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis expansion-rate bound Primordial D/H, He⁴ abundance L0 regime hard constraint. Early-time suppression must ensure ΔH/H ≪ 1 at MeV temperatures. Equivalent to ΔNeff bound. Planned – early-time suppression consistency check Method defined
Galaxy bias evolution consistency BOSS, DESI clustering + lensing cross-correlation Ensures that modified growth history does not produce inconsistent galaxy–matter bias evolution. Required for internal consistency of clustering and lensing in L2. Planned – bias-growth joint modeling Method defined
Global parameter-lock cross-probe test BAO + RSD + lensing + ISW + Lyα Framework-level stress test: a single β and transition function T(a) must fit all late-time probes without retuning. Eliminates hidden model plasticity. Planned – full joint likelihood with frozen parameters Method defined

Symbols: ✅ supported · ⚪ inactive / not dominant in regime · ❌ discrepant · ⚠️ tension / partial

Note on ⚪ in EFC columns: ⚪ indicates no full field-derived validation, not no relevance. Phenomenological tests may show consistency without constituting theory-derived support.

Note: Joint BAO + SN Ia + RSD consistency constitutes a stronger geometric and growth-sector constraint than BAO alone, but remains a necessary rather than sufficient condition for full EFC validation.

A phenomenological BAO+RSD joint fit (BOSS DR12) has been completed, yielding a mild (1.7σ) preference for positive αL2. This result demonstrates consistency but does not constitute empirical validation.


1.1 Discrete Gravity Sector (Graph-Based Operator)

This section documents the validation status of the EFC discrete gravity operator (Graph-AQUAL), which implements modified gravitational dynamics on a graph-based spatial discretisation. This sector is distinct from background cosmological tests and phenomenological closures. All tests below are tagged with their (ξ, η)-regime.

Test ID Test Regime (ξ, η) Result Status
KT1 Newton Recovery ξ ≫ 1, η ≫ 1 Newtonian limit recovered in high-acceleration regime; discrete operator reduces to standard Poisson equation PASS
KT2 Prefactor Renormalization ξ ~ 1 (transition) C ≈ 2.32 (structural constant; not a free parameter) PASS (structural)
KT3 Mass Scaling ξ < 1, η < 1 Λ-locked; β ≈ 0.18 (classical); β = 0.50 predicted by statistical occupation (31878760) PASS (Λ-locked) — resolution pathway identified
KT4 Superposition Breaking ξ ~ 1 (multi-source) Non-linear superposition correctly handled by graph operator PASS
KT5 External Field Effect ξ ~ 1 (composite field) EFE signature present; amplitude partially reproduced PARTIAL PASS
CGS Cosmological Growth Stability ξ variable, η < 1 Growth evolution survives under Λ-locked IR screening; unstable without Λ-lock SURVIVES (Λ-locked only)

Note: The Discrete Gravity Sector tests are structurally independent from the background cosmological tests in Section 1. The Λ-locked screening mechanism (KT3, CGS) treats Λ as an active bulk-capacity parameter, not a freely tunable constant. All entries are governed by the (ξ, η) regime classification defined in Section 0.0.


1.2 Phenomenological Constraints

These entries reflect empirically driven tests of EFC-motivated parametrizations rather than fully derived field-level results. They constrain EFC phenomenology without providing canonical theoretical validation.

Test Dataset Result Interpretation
BAO+RSD joint fit (αL2) BOSS DR12 consensus αL2 = 0.040 ± 0.024 (1.7σ) Mild preference for positive coupling; consistent with but not conclusive for EFC
Weak-lensing shear (Case A) KiDS-1000 Flinc ξ± αL2 = 0.10 ± 0.01; Δ(−2 ln L) = −50.9
S₈ = 0.685 (EFC) vs 0.739 (ΛCDM)
Strong fit improvement, but EFC prefers lower S₈, increasing Planck tension (3.6σ vs 2.3σ). Case A is phenomenological lensing boost, not S₈ tension solution.
MVP-G1 Growth: fσ8 LOO robustness (N2a) 8 extended (7 pts) + BAO(14) α = −1.00 ± 0.46 (2.20σ); ΔAIC = −2.91
LOO 7/7 pass; |α|/σ range [1.84, 2.42]
Robust ~2σ preference for α<0 in EFC Hubble friction channel. Signal distributed across all 7 growth data points — not driven by any single measurement. Full MVP-G1 control suite: N1 rd-independence, N2 σ8-prior strengthening, T7 LOO (7/7). [10.6084/m9.figshare.31332730]
Solar System screening Cassini / LLR / perihelion Compatible (γ → 1) Quantitative compatibility via Density Saturation; complementary exponential amplitude suppression from Covariant EFT (31878334); full SEP proof pending
Cluster entropy–structure (diagnostic) ACCEPT / TNG-Cluster Sign flip (ρsim < 0, ρobs > 0) Sim–obs mismatch in ICM thermodynamic regulation; motivates entropy-flow physics
ISW cancellation metric 𝒞 (DEPRECATED) Planck × DESI DR1 tracer windows (LRGz0, LRGz1, LRG+ELG, ELG) Previously: 𝒞 = 0.59–0.96 (monotonic); AISW = 0.29–0.56 The previously defined cancellation metric 𝒞 relied on mixed-channel implementation and is no longer considered a canonical observable under growth-driven EFC. Superseded by uniform AISW ≈ 0.89 ± 0.03 under self-consistent ODE-based growth-channel (31329082).

2. Key Regime Insight (February 2026 – v1.7)

A regime-transition analysis demonstrates that EFC admits a dynamically enforced L0 limit. During recombination (z ≈ 1100), all EFC-specific contributions are suppressed by many orders of magnitude (GCMB ≈ 10-12), ensuring exact recovery of standard linear cosmology.

The CMB therefore functions as a calibration of regime coupling rather than a veto. Observable EFC effects, if present, are expected only in late-time, non-linear regimes. However, linear-regime observables such as weak lensing require an explicitly derived metric–entropy coupling; phenomenological closures alone are insufficient for canonical validation.

A quantitative transition metric (ΔF) has now been defined and constrained (ΔF ≈ 0.1) using DESI-calibrated interpretations of Fugaku-class simulations. Importantly, ΔF represents a growth-sector dynamical constraint, not a modification of the background matter density.

2.1 Density Saturation Mechanism (v1.3)

The Density Saturation hypothesis introduces a physical mechanism for regime gating:

The regime response surface is accordingly extended from R(k,S) to R(k,S,ρ), enabling explicit discrimination between dwarf galaxies (low ρ, full EFC), galaxy clusters (medium ρ, partial EFC), and Solar System (high ρ, GR recovery).

2.2 Weak-Lensing Case A Insight (v1.4)

The KiDS-1000 Flinc testbed (v1.0) demonstrates that a phenomenological lensing amplitude modification Σ(k,z)² can significantly improve cosmic shear fits. Key findings:

Interpretation: Case A (PEFC = PΛCDM × Σ²) enhances the lensing signal, so less intrinsic structure (lower σ₈) is needed to match the data. This improves the shear fit but moves the inferred cosmology away from Planck. Case A is therefore a phenomenological lensing boost, not a solution to the S₈ discrepancy.

Next step: Case B implementation (consistent MG with μ in growth equations) is required to test whether a self-consistent modified gravity treatment can improve fits while reducing CMB tension.

2.3 S₈ Stage-III Convergence (v1.7.1)

Recent Stage-III weak-lensing re-analyses show convergence toward a common S₈ value, superseding earlier discrepant results. The table below distinguishes DEPRECATED values from CURRENT consensus measurements.

Survey S₈ Value Status Note
KiDS-1000 (original) 0.759 ± 0.024 DEPRECATED Superseded by Legacy re-analysis
KiDS Legacy 0.815 ± 0.016 CURRENT Updated shear calibration + photo-z
HSC Y3 0.805 ± 0.022 CURRENT Independent ground-based confirmation
DES Y3 (original) 0.776 ± 0.017 DEPRECATED Pending Y6 re-analysis
Stage-III Combined 0.813 ± 0.012 CURRENT Weighted mean of CURRENT values
Planck 2018 0.834 ± 0.016 CMB reference ~1.3σ from Stage-III combined

EFC implication: With Stage-III convergence to S₈ ≈ 0.81, the original "S₈ tension" (~3σ) is now reduced to ~1.3σ. EFC's predicted σ₈ ≈ 0.805 (from growth-sector constraints) is consistent with the updated Stage-III consensus. The remaining mild discrepancy does not require new physics but remains a target for Stage-IV precision tests.

Reference: 31305550 (EFC vs Stage-III analysis)


3. Structural Constraints (Model-Space Reduction)

Constraint Scale / Regime Effect on EFC
Density Saturation Θ(ρ) (v1.3) All regimes (L0–L3) Enforces automatic GR recovery in high-density environments (Solar System, stellar interiors); physically bounds ΔF; provides derivation path for weak-lensing coupling; enables R(k,S,ρ) extension with explicit density discrimination
Cluster merger geometry (31173850) L2 non-linear Constrains local entropy-gradient couplings; requires operator classes with component sensitivity and geometric smoothing to remain viable
Weak-lensing phenomenological closure (Postulate A) L1 linear perturbations Documents the current absence of a field-derived lensing coupling; introduces temporary phenomenological closure pending action-level derivation. Density Saturation (v1.3) provides a candidate path toward physical derivation.
Case A S₈ direction (v1.4) L1–L2 lensing Phenomenological lensing amplitude modification (Σ²) drives S₈ lower, increasing CMB tension. Case A cannot resolve S₈ discrepancy; Case B (consistent MG) required for tension resolution test.
Core Lock consistency enforcement (31223503) All regimes (method layer) Prevents parameter drift and cross-regime leakage; enforces frozen-parameter boundaries and explicit translation rules across L0–L3
EFCLASS Sign Structure: background channel σ8 exclusion (31333414) L1 background (Friedmann equation) Analytical proof that ΔE²(z) ≤ 0 for all z > 0: additive gate modification reduces Hubble friction, enhancing growth. Background channel structurally excluded for σ8 suppression. Verified in CLASS v3.3.4.
Background No-Go Theorem (consolidation, 31333414 + 31368433) L0–L2 background (structural boundary) Three-pillar no-go consolidation: (i) analytical sign lemma ΔE² ≤ 0 for all z > 0; (ii) CLASS v3.3.4 numerical verification (ΔH/H = −0.3% to −1.1%, negative everywhere); (iii) observational α–collapse under CMB+BAO (|Δχ²| < 2σ, α–H0 degeneracy r = 0.975). Background sector structurally excluded for σ8 suppression and observationally empty. All EFC effects redirected to perturbation sector (μ ≈ 0.94, Σ ≈ 1.05, η ≈ 1.10). AI-friendly package: EFC_Background_NoGo_Theorem.
Perturbation-Level σ8 Suppression via μ(a) < 1 (31333600) L1 perturbations (growth ODE) WP1a reference model: μ0=0.85, σ8=0.773, S8=0.790 (73% gap closure). Universal factor-2 from gate broadening. Structural ceiling: scale-free μ(a) closes at most ~43% within Planck 1σ.
Lensing barrier: pure μ < 1 excluded (31368433) L0–L1 perturbations (CMB lensing) Pure μ < 1 (Σ = 1) excluded at Δχ² = +19. CMB lensing power demands Σ > 1 compensation. Any EFC perturbation model must modify both Poisson and lensing potentials simultaneously.
μ–Σ survival valley (31368433) L1 perturbations (CMB + BAO + fσ8) Narrow survival zone: μ ∈ [0.93, 0.96], Σ ∈ [1.03, 1.07]. Gravitational slip η ≠ 1 structurally required. Target matched by EFC Relativistic Action (31876324): μ ≈ 0.94, Σ ≈ 1.05, η ≈ 1.10.
GRAV→(μ,Σ) structural gap — CLOSED (31876324) DGS → L1 perturbations (cross-regime) Gap identified in v3.3 (Grid-AQUAL gives μ > 1, η = 1, wrong scale). Closed in v3.4 by EFC Relativistic Action: variational derivation from F(φ)R + K(ρ) + flow constraint gives μ < 1, η > 1, Σ > 1 within survival valley. cT = c exactly. Action-level falsification conditions (FA1–FA6) now govern the perturbation sector.
Microphysical gap — BRIDGED (3187833431878760) DGS / EFT (galactic regime) Gap identified in v3.5: classical field equation produces correction increasing with acceleration (wrong direction for RAR). Bridged in v3.6 by minimal gradient-coupled excitation model (31878760): three assumptions (bosonic statistics, gradient-coupled energy E ∝ √g, single scale a0) reproduce the BE form μ(g) = 1/(exp(√(g/a0)) − 1) with no free parameters. Lattice derivation: keff = g/lg → ω ∝ √g. Kinematic bridge only; full grid Hamiltonian and QFT derivation remain outstanding. KT3 resolution pathway: statistical occupation should restore β = 0.50. Further grounded by gradient-coupled grid action (31941465): minimal Lagrangian Sgrid with operator uniqueness (only |∇Φ| coupling survives) derives E ∝ √g as Theorem 1.

3.1 Explicit Falsification Conditions

The following observational outcomes would constitute strong evidence against the EFC framework or specific EFC sectors. Each condition is linked to the sector and regime it would constrain. These are standing predictions — not post-hoc adjustments.

# Falsification Condition Sector Consequence if observed
F1 Measured AISW = 1.00 ± 0.02 (tracer-independent) on DESI DR1 × Planck BG (L1) Rules out background-driven EFC growth channel; β·T(a) coupling disfavoured
F2 Multi-epoch RSD trajectory shows no statistically significant deviation from ΛCDM across z = 0.02–1.5 GRW (L1–L2) Eliminates growth-channel modification; EFC must reduce to pure background cosmology
F3 Cluster lensing asymmetry absent at pre-registered significance level on JWST κ maps (Asig consistent with zero) LEN + SCR (L2) Disfavours entropy- or structure-coupled anisotropic lensing response
F4 Full-shape P(k) inconsistent with background-only growth modification at > 3σ GRW (L1–L2) Scale-dependent growth pattern requires Poisson-sector modification not present in baseline EFC
F5 Discrete gravity operator fails to reproduce observed rotation curve diversity across morphological types (SPARC + MaNGA joint likelihood) DGS (L2–L3) Graph-AQUAL operator structurally insufficient; discrete sector requires revision or abandonment
F6 Λ-locked screening produces cosmological growth instability that cannot be resolved without introducing free parameters DGS + BG Λ as bulk capacity hypothesis fails; screening mechanism requires replacement
F7 (theoretical) — PASSED Relativistic EFC perturbation theory produces η = 1 (no gravitational slip) in the cosmological regime, failing to generate the required μ–Σ split with μ < 1 and Σ > 1 GRW + LEN (L1) PASSED (v3.4): EFC Relativistic Action (31876324) derives η = 1 + 2(εF + ελ + ελ,resp) ≠ 1 from three independent slip sources (scalar-tensor, flow-constraint, response-field). The action produces μ ≈ 0.94, Σ ≈ 1.05, η ≈ 1.10 — matching the survival valley. Superseded by action-level conditions FA1–FA6.

Standing commitment: These falsification conditions are pre-registered and will not be revised post-hoc. If any condition is met by future data, the affected sector must be either formally revised or abandoned, with the revision documented in this ledger.


3.2 Historical Falsifications and Model Revisions

Scientific integrity requires documenting not only current successes but also historical failures. The following entries record model versions or specific predictions that were falsified by data or internal analysis, leading to structural revisions. These are preserved to demonstrate that EFC evolves through empirical confrontation, not post-hoc accommodation.

Falsified Element Failure Mode Resolution Status
EFC v1 Scalar Index Model Original scalar-index parametrisation produced monotonic radial boost incompatible with observed rotation curve diversity. Failed to reproduce flat/declining outer profiles. Abandoned in favour of regime-dependent EBE framework with explicit density saturation Θ(ρ). Monotonic Radial Boost Problem resolved by structural revision. FALSIFIED → Superseded
EFC-R on SPARC (direct application) Direct application of EFC-R coupling to full SPARC sample produced systematic residuals in Regime 2–3 galaxies. Only Regime 1 (low-acceleration) showed acceptable fits. Led to regime partitioning (EBE framework) and recognition that single-regime coupling cannot span full acceleration range. Multi-regime structure now core architectural feature. PARTIAL FAIL → Resolved by regime separation
ISW cancellation metric C (v1.6) Original tomographic cancellation prediction relied on mixed-channel implementation producing spurious tomographic gradient. Superseded by ISW Consistency Audit v1.1. Self-consistent ODE-based growth channel produces uniform AISW ≈ 0.89 ± 0.03. Original C-metric deprecated. DEPRECATED → Revised (v2.1)
Poisson-sector coupling (direct μ boost) Early EFC assumption that Poisson-sector μ > 1 could enhance growth was tested against RSD data. Found to be disfavoured; background channel preferred. Led to structural separation of background (H²) and perturbation (μ) channels. Current architecture: background channel primary, perturbation channel requires μ < 1 for σ8 suppression. DISFAVOURED → Architecture revised
Naïve GRAV→cosmological (μ,Σ) extrapolation (v3.3) Grid-AQUAL operator directly extrapolated to cosmological perturbation sector produces μ > 1 (wrong sign for σ8 suppression), η = 1 (no gravitational slip), and screening at galactic rather than cosmological scales. Formally documents that discrete gravity operator cannot be naïvely mapped to cosmological perturbation parameters. Relativistic perturbation theory is required as an explicit derivation step. Added as pipeline-critical item. FALSIFIED → Relativistic derivation required (31368433); RESOLVED by EFC Relativistic Action (31876324)
EFC — Flow, Entropy, and Spacetime Distortion in Cosmological Clusters Analyzes three SDSS DR18 galaxy clusters to study how energy flow diminishes with redshift while entropy increases, incorporating spacetime distortion and gravitational lensing corrections. DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28112096; Type: empirical_test; Tier: T2; Directory: EFC-Flow-Entropy-and-Spacetime-Distortion-in-Cosmological-Clusters
A structural closure of growth-sector couplings between discrete gravity and cosmology This paper tests three operator-level ways for Energy-Flow Cosmology (EFC) to couple a discrete-gravity prefactor to the linear growth of structure: multiplicative Geff on the Poisson source, additive
A Falsified Bar-Instability Criterion Reveals an Independent Disk-State Parameter from EFC-Modified Disk Kinematics Stage-1 empirical test (Tier T2) falsifies an EFC-modified Toomre-Q bar-instability criterion on SPARC galaxies, yielding AUC 0.22–0.31 and an anti-correlation with bar truth within the physically allowed zeta range. DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.32101111

Governance Rule: Any future falsification of a current EFC sector or prediction must be documented in this section within one ledger revision cycle. Suppressing or omitting falsification history is explicitly prohibited under the EFC validation protocol.


4. Evidence Register (Citable Artifacts)

Empirical & Phenomenological

Structural / Theoretical Constraints

Methodological / Core Framework


4b. External Observations Under Confrontation (third-party — NOT EFC publications)

Scope and rules. The references in this section are third-party observational and theoretical results published by other groups. They are listed here purely as contextual material that EFC working notes may confront. They carry no EFC DOI, no EFC report ID, and no EFC validation status. They are not entries in the Evidence Register (§4) and they are not counted in the EFC test totals. Any quantitative comparison against EFC predictions will appear as a separate EFC working note (with its own Figshare DOI and EFC-VAL-2026-XXX report ID) referenced from the Evidence Register, not from this list.

Language discipline. External results are described as “consistent with”, “overlaps with”, or “within the EFC prediction band” — never as “confirms EFC”. Authorship and data ownership remain entirely with the original collaborations cited below.

Cluster mergers / Bullet Cluster (JWST era)

EFC working note (published 2026-04): “The Bullet Cluster Under EFC: Confronting Entropy-Gradient Gravity with JWST-Era Mass Reconstructions” (DOI 31963668, EFC-VAL-2026-004). Confronts the three studies above across four axes: (i) cluster merger geometry structural constraint under the 10:1 mass ratio of Cho et al. 2025 — tightened, not weakened; (ii) PIEMD Asig 2D baseline on a 512×512 grid — Asig = −6.9×10−4, bootstrap p = 0.98 (5000 random rotations): null hypothesis validated, i.e. PIEMD halo geometry alone produces no directional asymmetry at the shock front, so any residual Asig ≠ 0 on δκ = κobs − κPIEMD cannot be attributed to halo modelling; (iii) the σ/m < 0.5 cm²/g Cha et al. 2025 bound, consistent with EFC’s no-DM-particle postulate; (iv) qualitative confrontation of the regime-transition prediction μ ≈ 1.1, Σ ≈ 1.2 at cluster scales against the Cho et al. virial masses. No new parameters are introduced; everything is frozen at Ledger v3.11. The note finds that none of the three JWST-era studies falsifies EFC and none provides positive support for EFC over ΛCDM: the Bullet Cluster remains a consistency check at the L2 regime, not a detection site. The pre-registered Asig test on the free-form δκ residual remains the only observable capable of directly discriminating EFC from ΛCDM at this scale and is pending Cha et al. κ-map acquisition. Given the v3.11 multi-epoch fσ8 null result (the growth-sector coupling μ(a) is not detected, B = 0 within 1σ), the lensing-sector Σ must carry the L2 signal if EFC is correct — making the Asig shock-front test the decisive pending discriminator. Full AI-friendly package shipped under docs/papers/efc/bullet_cluster_efc/.

Reminder: entries in this box are deliberately kept outside the empirical evidence machinery. Adding any of them to data/evidence-register.json or data/ledger.json would constitute claim inflation and is explicitly prohibited by the rules above.


5. Planned Validation Pipeline


6. Recent Updates

View full revision history →  |  Stage-IV Data Roadmap →  |  White Paper Series →

© 2026 Energy-Flow Cosmology Initiative · Canonical Multi-Sector Validation Ledger (v3.17 – Kill-Test v6 Universality SPARC 175)